A.D. 833 x 839. Will of Abba, reeve, concerning his property (the only named land being at Chillenden, Kent); with endorsement detailing the arrangements made by Heregyth, his wife, for an annual render to Christ Church, Canterbury, from an estate at Challock, Kent. English.
Archive: Canterbury, Christ Church
MS: BL Cotton Aug. ii. 64 (s. ix1; BM Facs., ii. 23)
Printed: Hickes, Diss Epist., p. 55; K 235; Thorpe, pp. 469-74, with translation; Sweet, Reader, pp. 199-200; Sweet, OET, pp. 447-9 (no. 41); Sweet, Second Reader, pp. 212-15 (no. 25); B 412; Earle, pp. 108-11; Harmer, SEHD, pp. 3-5 (no. 2), with translation, pp. 40-2.
Comments: Sweet, Reader, p. 287; Bond 1878, p. 7, contemporary; Harmer, SEHD, pp. 75-81, authentic, cf. p. vi; Deanesly 1927, p. 4 n. 3, dates it 833; Wallenberg, KPN, pp. 175-6, on place-names; Campbell 1938, p. 146, authentic; Parsons 1939, pp. 14, 23-5, genuine and contemporary; Sisam 1953, p. 124, cited; Stenton 1971, p. 281, oldest Kentish will; Sawyer 1978, p. 153, cited; Brooks 1984, pp. 147, 354 n. 60, p. 360 n. 70, p. 361 n. 76, contemporary, written in two stages by different scribes (main text and Abba's subscription; other subscriptions and Heregyth's bequest), there may have been little lapse of time between the two transactions; Campbell 1989, p. 35, on detail of transaction; Kelly 1990, pp. 47-8; Keynes 1990, pp. 252-3; Faith 1997, pp. 31-2, cited.
Note. Scribe of main text also wrote S 153, 188, 1268, 1436.
A.D. 946 x c. 951. Will of Ælfgar, including bequests of land at Cockfield, Suffolk; Fen Ditton, Cambs.; Lavenham, Suffolk; Baythorne, Essex; Monks Eleigh, Suffolk; Colne, Tey, Peldon, (West) Mersea, Greenstead, Tidwoldingstone (Heybridge near Maldon) and Totham, Essex; Ashfield and Rushbrook, Suffolk; the beneficiaries including St Edmunds, Bedericesworth; the community at Stoke (probably Stoke-by-Nayland, Suffolk); St Mary's, Barking; Christ Church, Canterbury; and St Paul's, London. English.
Archive: Bury St Edmunds
MSS: 1. Cambridge, U.L., Ff. 2. 33, 46r (s. xiii2)
2. BL Add. 14847, 16v-17r (s. xiv)
Printed: K 1222 ex MS 2; Thorpe, pp. 505-8 ex MS 1; B 1012 ex Thorpe and MS 2; Whitelock, Wills, no. 2 (pp. 6-9), with translation, ex MSS 1, 2.
Comments: Whitelock, Wills, pp. 103-8; Hart, ECEE, no. 50, authentic; Hart, ECE, no. 11, authentic; Finberg 1972, p. 481, on an assessment; Brooks 1978, pp. 87-91, on heriot; Hart 1987/1, pp. 64, 68-9; Hart 1992, pp. 127-31, 134; Dumville 1993, p. 35, cited; Stafford 1994, pp. 231-3, on testator's intentions.
A.D. 966 x 975. Will of Ælfgifu, including bequests of land at Princes Risborough, Bucks., to Old Minster, Winchester; at Bledlow, Bucks., to New Minster, Winchester; at Whaddon, Bucks., to Romsey Abbey; at Chesham, Bucks., to Abingdon and at Wicham to Bath; also at Wing, Linslade and Haversham, Bucks., Hatfield (? Herts.), Masworth, Bucks., and at Gussage (All Saints), Dorset, to the king; at Newnham Murren, Oxon, to the ætheling; at Tæafersceat to Bishop Æthelwold; at Mongewell, Oxon., and at Berkhampstead, Herts., to Ælfweard, Æthelweard and Ælfwaru in common, for life, with reversion to Old Minster, Winchester. English.
Archive: Winchester, Old Minster
MS: BL Add. 15350, 96rv (s. xii)
Printed: K 721; Thorpe, pp. 552-5, with translation; Whitelock, Wills, pp. 20-3 (no. 8), with translation.
Translated: Baines 1983, pp. 115-16; Hart 1992, pp. 455-6.
Comments: PN Bucks., pp. 8, 79, 86, 98, 167, 223; Whitelock, Wills, pp. 118-21; PN Oxon., i. 48-9; Finberg, ECW, no. 610, authentic; Barker 1967, pp. 89-90; Hart 1970/1, p. 35 (no. 168), authentic; Brooks 1978, pp. 87-91, on heriot; Gelling, ECTV, no. 152 (pp. 75, 84, 133), authentic; Baines 1983, pp. 115-17; PN Dorset, ii. 276; Hart 1992, pp. 455-65, on estates, dates 967 x 968; Pelteret 1995, pp. 122-3, 129, 312; Keynes 1996, p. 26 n. 106, p. 28 n. 121; Williams 1997/1, p. 44 nn. 9, 10; cf. S 737.
c. A.D. 968 x 971. Will of Ælfheah, ealdorman, including bequests of land at Wroughton, Wilts., to God (or King Edgar); at Crondall, Hants., to Old Minster, Winchester; at Charlton, Wilts., to Malmesbury Abbey and at Sutton (? Somerset) to Bath Abbey; also land at Worth (probably Littleworth in Faringdon), Cookham and Thatcham, Berks.; Chelworth, Wilts.; Incgenæsham (? Inglesham, Wilts.); Aylesbury and Wendover, Bucks., to King Edgar; land at Scyræburnan to Queen Ælfthryth; at Walkhampstead (now Godstone), Surrey, to Æthelred, Edgar's son; land at Faringdon, Berks., and Aldbourne, Wilts., to Ælfhere, his brother; land at Tudincgatun (? Teddington, Middx) to Godwine, his son; at Wyritunæ (? Purton, Wilts.) to Ælfweard; at Wycombe, Bucks., to Æthelweard, his kinsman; and at Froxfield, Hants., to Ælfwine, his nephew; also land at Batcombe, Somerset, to Ælfswyth, his wife, with ultimate reversion to Glastonbury Abbey. English.
Archive: Winchester, Old Minster
MS: BL Add. 15350, 95v-96r (s. xii)
Printed: K 593; Thorpe, pp. 526-8, with translation; B 1174; Baignent 1891, pp. 3-4, in part, with translation; Whitelock, Wills, no. 9 (pp. 22-5), with translation.
Comments: PN Bucks., pp. 145, 157, 200; Whitelock, Wills, pp. 121-5; PN Middx, p. 24; Darlington 1955, pp. 68, 85; Finberg, ECW, no. 120 (pp. 54, 98, 145), authentic; Hart 1970/1, p. 35 (no. 166), authentic; PN Berks., ii. i. 79, 188, ii. 365-7; Brooks 1978, pp. 87-91, on heriot; Gelling, ECTV, no. 105, authentic; Keynes 1980, pp. 164-5; Fleming 1985, p. 252; Dumville 1992, p. 41 n. 57, queries Purton identification, pp. 43-4, on Chelworth; Pelteret 1995, pp. 123, 129; Abrams 1996, p. 85, on Chelworth.
A.D. 1000 x 1002. Will of Ælfflæd, including bequests of land at Dovercourt, Fulanpettæ (Beaumont), Alresford, Stanway, Byrton in Stanway (lost), Lexden, Essex; Elmsett and Buxhall, Suffolk, to the king; at Stoke, Suffolk; Hatfield (? Peverel, Essex), Stratford St Mary, Freston, Wiston, Lavenham, Balsdon, Polstead, Withermarsh, Suffolk; Greenstead (near Colchester), Peldon, (West) Mersea, Totham, Colne and Tey, Essex, to Stoke (? Stoke-by-Nayland, Suffolk); and at Monks Eleigh, Suffolk, to Christ Church, Canterbury; at Hadham, Herts., and at Tidwoldingtune (Heybridge near Maldon, Essex) to St Paul's, London; and at Baythorn, Essex, to Barking Abbey; at Woodham, Essex, to Ælfthryth, the king's mother, for life, with reversion to St Mary's, Barking; at Chelsworth and Cockfield, Suffolk, to St Edmund's Abbey; and at Nedging, Suffolk, to the same after the death of Crawe, her kinswoman; at Fingringhoe and Mersea, Essex, to the minster at Mersea; at Waldingfield, Suffolk, to St Gregory's, Sudbury, after the death of Crawe; at Rettendon, Essex; Soham, Ditton and Cheveley, Cambs., to Ely Abbey; at Lawling, Essex, to Ealdorman Æthelmær; and at Liston, Essex, to Æthelmær. English with bounds of Balsdon, Withermarsh and Polstead appended.
Archive: Bury St Edmunds
MSS: 1. BL Harley Ch. 43. C 4 (s. xi; BM Facs., iii. 35)
2. Cambridge, U.L., Ff. 2. 33, 47r (s. xiii2)
Printed: Wotton 1737, pp. 103-4; K 685; Thorpe, pp. 522-6, with translation; Sweet, Second Reader, pp. 233-5 (no. 44); B 1289; Earle, pp. 366-9; Whitelock, Wills, no. 15 (pp. 38-43), with translation.
Comments: Bond 1878, p. 7, MS 1 is of the 11th century; PN Bucks., p. 41; PN Beds., p. 2, cited; Whitelock, Wills, pp. 141-6; Hart, ECEE, no. 64, authentic; Hart, ECE, no. 34, authentic; Boyden 1983, on Mersea; Hart 1992, pp. 132-5, on estates; Dumville 1993, p. 36, cited; Hart 1993, p. 197 n. 33, dates it 11 Aug. 991 x c. 1002; Keynes 1993/2, p. 306 n. 26, on Hadham; cf. S 1494, CCC 36 (S 1639).
Note. S 1486 is preceded in MS 1 by a copy of S 1494, written by the same scribe; both are presumably later copies of originally separate documents. A second scribe added the bounds on the dorse.
A.D. 975 x 1016. Will of Ælfhelm (Polga), including bequests of land at Wratting, Cambs., to Ely Abbey; at Brickendon, Herts., to Westminster Abbey; at Whepstead, Suffolk, and Walton (perhaps near Felixstowe, Suffolk), to his son Ælfgar; and at Baddow and Burstead, Essex, at Stratford, (probably Stratford St Mary, Suffolk), at Enhale and Wilbraham, Cambs., at Rayne, Essex, at Carlton, Cambs., and at Gestingthorpe, Essex, to his wife; at Gestingthorpe, Essex, to Godric and Ælfhelm's daughter; at Conington, Cambs., to his wife and daughter, and to Æthelric, Ælfwold and Osmær; also at Cockayne Hatley and Potton, Beds., to Ælfmær, Ælfstan and Osgar; at Littlebury (near Saffron Walden), Essex, to Leofsige, and at Great Staughton, Hunts., to Leofsige and his wife; also at Troston, Suffolk, to his three brothers and Ælfwold; at Ickleton, Cambs., and Mawyrthe to Ælfhelm; and at Barnham (probably Suffolk), to Wulfmær. English.
Archive: Westminster
MSS: 1. BL Stowe Ch. 36 (s. xi; OS Facs., iii. 37)
2. BL Add. 4652, 314r-318r (s. xvii; ex 1)
3. Bodleian, Eng. hist. a. 2, no. XVIII (s. xviii; translation, with notes)
Printed: Lye 1772, ii, Appendix ii. 1 ex MS 1; K 967 ex MS 1; Thorpe, pp. 596-9, ex K, with translation; B 1306; Whitelock, Wills, no. 13 (pp. 30-5), with translation.
Comments: Madox 1702, p. ii n.; Fowler 1920, no. 9 and pp. 50-2; PN Beds., pp. 105, 106; PN Hunts., pp. 182, 267; Whitelock, Wills, pp. 133-7; Hart, ECEE, no. 24, authentic, dates 989; Hart 1964/1, p. 65, contemporary, discusses descent of Hatley and Potton; Finberg 1972, p. 498, cited; Brooke and Keir 1975, p. 369, authentic; Hart, ECE, no. 24, original; Harvey 1977, p. 23; Brooks 1978, pp. 87-91, on heriot; Gelling, ECTV, no. 172 (pp. 20, 86), original; Holt 1982, pp. 196-7; Keynes 1994, pp. 170-2; Kennedy 1995, p. 166, on legal background; cf. S 794a, the grant to Ælfhelm of Brickendon.
Note. Lower portion of chirograph (CYROGRAPHVM).
A.D. 1002 x 1005. Will of Ælfric, archbishop, including bequests pf land at Westwell and Burnan (? Bishopsbourne), Kent, and Monks Risborough, Bucks., to Christ Church; at Cingesbyrig (probably consisting of land at Flamstead, Herts., and at St Albans) to St Albans Abbey; at Dumbleton, Gloucs., part to Abingdon Abbey and part to Ælfnoth, for life, with reversion to Abingdon; at Wallingford, Berks., to Ceolweard, for life, with reversion to Cholsey minster; at (Great) Tew and Osney, Oxon., and at London to St Albans; at Fiddington and at Newton (in Ashchurch), Gloucs., to his sisters and their children. English and Latin versions.
Archive: Abingdon
MSS: English
1. BL Cotton Claud. B. vi, 102r (s. xiii)
Latin
2. BL Cotton Claud. B. vi, 102rv (s. xiii)
3. BL Cotton Claud. C. ix, 127v-128r (s. xii)
Printed: English
Hickes, Diss. Epist., p. 62; K 716; Mon. Angl. (rev. edn), i. 517-18 (no. 14); Thorpe, pp. 549-50; Stevenson, Abingdon Cart., i. 416; Earle, pp. 222-4; Whitelock, Wills, no. 18 (pp. 52-5), with translation; Councils and Synods, no. 44 (pp. 239-42); Kelly, Abingdon, no. 133, with translation.
Latin
Hickes, Diss. Epist., pp. 62-3; Thorpe, p. 551.
Translated: Hook 1860, pp. 452-3; Whitelock, EHD, no. 126 (pp. 589-90).
Comments: Wallenberg, KPN, p. 314, on Kentish place-names; Whitelock, Wills, pp. 160-3; PN Oxon., i. 22, ii. 289; Finberg, ECW, p. 249; Stenton 1971, p. 431 n. 2, cited; Finberg, ECWM, no. 145, authentic, with addendum, p. 237; HRH, p. 236, genuine, dates 1002 x 1005 (probably 1003 x 1004); Brooke and Keir 1975, p. 368, cited; Gem 1978, p. 105, on Cholsey; PN Berks., i. 162, ii. 535; Gelling, ECTV, no. 126 (pp. 64, 78, 114, 137), authentic; Whitelock, EHD, p. 589; Councils and Synods, pp. 237-8; Keynes 1980, pp. 109 n., 124 n., 225 n., 261; Brooks 1984, pp. 286-7, 385 n. 89; Lawson 1984, pp. 725-6, 728, cited; Dumville 1993, pp. 82-3; Pelteret 1995, pp. 121-2, 130, 328-9; Kelly, Abingdon, no. 133, authentic.
A.D. 1023 x 1038.Will of Ælfric, bishop (of Elmham), including bequests of land at Worlingworth, Suffolk, and at Hunstanton, Holme, Tichwell and Docking, Norfolk, to Bury St Edmunds; at Grimston, Norfolk, to Leofstan, the dean; and instructions to sell land at Walsingham and Fersfield, Norfolk; also bequests of land at Egmere, Norfolk, part to Ælfwine and part to Ufi, the prior; the mill at Guist, Norfolk, to Edwin, the monk; land at Roydon, Norfolk, to Ælfwig, the priest; and at Moulton (probably Suffolk) to Sibriht; also a messuage in Norwich to St Edmunds and one in London to St Peter's. English.
Archive: Bury St Edmunds
MSS: 1. BL Cotton Aug. ii. 85 (s. xi1; BM Facs., iv. 21)
2. Cambridge, U.L., Ff. 2. 33, 48rv (s. xiii2)
3. BL Add. 14847, 18v (s. xiv)
4. Bodleian, Gough Berks. 20, 14rv (s. xviii)
5. Bodleian, James 24, pp. 72-3 (s. xvii)
Printed: K 759; Thorpe, pp. 567-9, with translation; Sweet, Second Reader, pp. 236-7 (no. 45); Earle, pp. 240-1; Whitelock, Wills, no 26 (pp. 70-3), with translation; Councils and Synods, no. 66 (pp. 514-16).
Comments: Bond 1878, p. 7, MS 1 contemporary; Stevenson 1913, p. 115 n. 16, MS 1 a contemporary hand; Whitelock, Wills, pp. 181-4; Hart, ECEE, no. 88 (pp. 65, 82), authentic; Brooke and Keir 1975, pp. 368, 369, authentic; Councils and Synods, p. 513; Dumville 1993, p. 42 and n. 177, dates 1023 x 1038; Pelteret 1995, p. 122; Campbell 1996, p. 17, probably Ælfric II (d. 1038).
Probably A.D. 1042 x 1043. Will of Ælfric Modercope, including bequests of land at Thurwineholm and Loddon, Norfolk, to (Bury) St Edmunds; at Bergh Apton, Norfolk, with Fuglholm to St Etheldreda's (Ely); at Barton Turf, Norfolk, to St Benedict's, Holme. English.
Archive: Bury St Edmunds
MSS: 1. Cambridge, U.L., Ff. 2. 33, 45r (s. xiii2)
2. BL Add. 14847, 15r (s. xiv)
Printed: K 970; Thorpe, pp. 566-7, with translation; Whitelock, Wills, no. 28 (p. 74), with translation. p. 75.
Translated: Douglas and Greenaway, EHD II, no. 181 (p. 899).
Comments: Fowler 1920, no. 12; Douglas 1932, pp. cxi-ii; Whitelock, Wills, pp. 185-6; Hart, ECEE, no. 127, authentic; Campbell 1996, p. 17.
A.D. 955 x 958. Will of Ælfsige, bishop (of Winchester), concerning land at Taunton, Somerset; Crondall, Abbots Ann, the two Worthys (possibly Kings Worthy and Martyr Worthy), Clere (Burghclere or Highclere), Tichborne, Ringwood, all in Hants., the beneficiaries including the king and Old and New Minsters, Winchester. Old English, Middle English and Latin versions.
Archive: Winchester, New Minster
MS: Earl of Macclesfield, Shirburn Castle, Liber Abbatiae, 19v-20v.
Printed: Alford 1663, iii. 301 (Latin only); Edwards, Liber de Hyda, pp. 133-6 (all versions); B 652 (Old English); B 653 (Middle English); B 654 (Latin); Birch, Liber Vitae, pp. 222-3 ex Edwards; Whitelock, Wills, no. 4 (pp. 16-17), Old English only, with translation; Councils and Synods, no. 23 (pp. 84-6), Old English only, with translation.
Comments: Whitelock, Wills, pp. 114-16; Finberg, ECW, no. 85, authentic, suggests Chiltington, Sussex, as an alternative identification of Ciltrigtune; Councils and Synods, p. 84; Pelteret 1995, pp. 121, 129.
A.D. 1008 x 1012. Will of Ælfwold, bishop (of Crediton), including bequests of land at Sandford, Devon, to the monastery at Crediton and to Godric. English.
Archive: Exeter (ex Crediton)
MS: Bodleian, Eng. hist. a. 2, no. XIII (s. xi1; BA Facs. 18)
Printed: Napier and Stevenson, pp. 23-4 (no. 10), with translation, p. 126; Councils and Synods, no. 51 (pp. 383-6), with translation.
Translated: Crediton 1913, pp. 193-4; Whitelock, EHD, no. 122 (pp. 580-1).
Comments: Napier and Stevenson, pp. 125-33, authentic; Chaplais 1965, p. 60, scribe also wrote S 890 (= 1973, p. 42); Chaplais 1966, p. 21 (no. 20) (= Chaplais 1981, XV, p. 21); Finberg 1969, pp. 42-3; Brooks 1978, pp. 87-91, on heriot; Whitelock, EHD, pp. 580-1; Keynes 1980, p. 121 n. 123; Chaplais 1981, XV, addendum; Councils and Synods, pp. 382-3; BA Facs., p. 6, MS probably contemporary; Dumville 1993, p. 51 n. 225, on a bequest; Hooke 1994, p. 186, cited; Pelteret 1995, pp. 121, 130, 329.
A.D. 978 x 1016. Ærnketel and Wulfrun, his wife, to St Benedict, Ramsey; bequest of land at Hickling and Kinoulton, Notts., and at Lockington, Yorks. ERY. Latin.
Archive: Ramsey
MSS: 1. PRO E 164/28, 142rv (s. xiv)
2. Bodleian, Rawl. B. 333, 8v (s. xiv1)
3. Bodleian, Rawl. B. 333, 33rv (s. xiv1)
Printed: K 971 ex MS 2*; Thorpe, pp. 531-2; Macray, Chron. Ramsey, pp. 66-7; Pierquin, Recueil, pt 6, no. 94.
Translated: Hart, ECNE, pp. 112-13 (part only).
Comments: Stenton 1910, pp. 37-8; Zachrisson 1935, no. 22, on identification; Forsberg 1950, p. 148, on place-names; Aston 1958, p. 67 n. 6, disputes Stenton's identification of tenurial implications; Hart, ECNE, no. 116 (pp. 112-13, 124), authentic, translation of Old English exemplar.
A.D. 962 x 991, probably after 975. Will of Æthelflæd, including bequest of land at Lambourn, Cholsey and Reading, Berks., to the king; at Damerham, Hants., to Glastonbury; at Hamme to Christ Church, Canterbury; at Woodham, Essex, to Ealdorman Brihtnoth and her sister for life, with reversion to St Mary's, Barking; at Hadham, Herts., to the same, for life, with reversion to St Paul's, London; at Fen Ditton, Cambs., to Ely Abbey; at Cockfield and Chelsworth, Suffolk, to the same for life, with reversion to St Edmunds, Bedericesworth (Bury); at Fingringhoe, Essex, to the same for life, with reversion to St Peter's, Mersea; at Polstead, Suffolk, to the same for life, with reversion to Stoke (? Stoke-by-Nayland, Suffolk); at Withermarsh, Suffolk, to Stoke; at Stratford St Mary, Lavenham, Balsdon, Suffolk, and at Peldon, Mersea and Greenstead (near Colchester), Essex, to Ealdorman Brihtnoth and her sister for life, with reversion to Stoke; at Elmsett, Suffolk, to the same for life, with reversion to Edmund; at Thorpe (? Morieux, Suffolk), to Hadleigh, Suffolk; at Wickford, Essex, to Sibriht, her kinsman; at Hadham, Herts., to Ecgwine, her reeve; at Donyland, Essex, to Brihtwold, her servant, to Ælfwold and Æthelmær, her priests, and to Ælfgeat, her kinsman; and at Waldingfield, Suffolk, to Crawe, her kinswoman. English.
Archive: Bury
MSS: 1. BL Harley Ch. 43. C 4 (s. xi; BM Facs., iii. 35)
2. Cambridge, U.L., Ff. 2. 33, 46v-47r (s. xiii2)
Printed: Wotton 1737, pp. 95-6; K 685; Thorpe, pp. 519-22, with translation; Sweet, Reader, pp. 206-7; Sweet, Second Reader, pp. 231-3 (no. 44); B 1288 ex MS 1; B 1354 ex MS 2; Earle, pp. 364-6; Whitelock, Wills, no. 14 (pp. 34-7), with translation.
Comments: Bond 1878, p. 7, MS 1 is s. xi; Sweet, Reader, p. 289; Whitelock, Wills, pp. 137-41; Darlington 1955, p. 95; Hart, ECEE, no. 58, authentic; Stenton 1970, p. 35, on the reversion to St Paul's; Hart, ECE, no. 18, authentic, discusses descent of Essex estates; PN Berks., i. 162, 170, ii. 333; Gem 1978, p. 105, on Cholsey; Gelling, ECTV, no. 122 (pp. 62, 84), authentic, with addendum, p. 188; Dumville 1992, pp. 110-11 n. 263; Dumville 1993, pp. 36, 81, cited; Keynes 1993/2, p. 306 n. 26, on Hadham; Pelteret 1995, pp. 123-4, 130; Abrams 1996, pp. 104-7, on bequest of Damerham; cf. S 1486.
Note. MS 1 contains copies of S 1494 and S 1486, written by the same scribe.
s. x/xi. Æthelflæd to St Paul's minster, London; bequest of land at Laver, Essex, and at Cockhampstead, Herts. English.
Archive: London, St Paul's
MS: London, St Paul's, D. & C., Liber B, 20v (s. xiii; lost)
Printed: Mon. Angl., iii. 303; Dugdale, St Paul's, p. 187; Dugdale, St Paul's (2nd edn), Appendix, p. 11; K 972; Thorpe, pp. 542-3, with translation; Whitelock, Wills, no. 22 (p. 66), with translation, p. 67.
Comments: Whitelock, Wills, pp. 175-6, authentic, witnesses impossible, but probably supplied by a copyist; Whitelock 1943, p. 122, on witness-list; Whitelock et al. 1968, p. 19 n. 1, spurious; Hart, ECE, no. 37, authentic basis; HRH, p. 236, ? c. 1004 x 1014, probably basically genuine, though subscriptions are inconsistent; Gelling, ECTV, no. 178, citing Whitelock, spurious; Keynes 1991, p. 80 n. 83, cited, on testatrix; cf. S 908.
A.D. 957 x c. 958. Æthelgeard to his wife, for her lifetime; bequest of Sotwell, Berks., with reversion to New Minster, Winchester Old English, Middle English and Latin versions.
Archive: Winchester, New Minster
MS: Earl of Macclesfield, Shirburn Castle, Liber Abbatiae, 24v (s. xiv)
Printed: Edwards, Liber de Hyda, pp. 173-4; B 989 (Old English); B 990 (Middle English); B 991 (Latin); Whitelock, Wills, no. 6 (p. 18), Old English only, with translation.
Comments: Whitelock, Wills, pp. 116-17; PN Berks., ii. 529; Gelling, ECTV, no. 83, authentic; Keynes 1996, p. 23 n. 77, may not be contemporary in received form, pp. 86-7, on testator.
c. A.D. 990 x 1001. Will of Æthelgifu, including bequests of land at Westwick (in St Albans), Gaddesden, Herts.; Langford, Clifton, Beds.; Munden, Standon, Offley, Tewin, Herts.; Weedon, Bucks.; London; Watford, Herts.; and Thrope; the beneficiaries including St Albans Abbey and (? the churches of) Hitchin, Braughing and Welwyn, Herts. English and Latin versions.
Archive: St Albans
MSS: English
1. Princeton, University Library, Scheide Library MS M140 (s. x/xi; BA Facs. 15; Whitelock et al. 1968)
2. Brussels, Bibliothèque Royale, MS 7965-73 (3723), 166r-167r (s. xvii)
Latin
3. Brussels, Bibliothèque Royal, MS 7965 (3723), 165v-166r (s. xvii)
4. BL Cotton Nero D. i, 152r (s. xiii)
Printed: English
Whitelock et al. 1968, ex MS 1, with translation
Latin (all ex MS 4)
Watts, Additamenta, pp. 243-4; K 410; Mon. Angl. (rev. edn), ii. 226 (no. 12); Thorpe, pp. 497-9; Luard, Additamenta, pp. 12-15; B 812; Pierquin, Recueil, pt 2, no. 85.
Comments: Fowler 1920, no. 5; PN Beds., p. 169; Whitelock et al. 1968, original; Finberg 1972, pp. 497-8; Brooke and Keir 1975, p. 368, cited; Hart, ECNE, no. 11A (p. 66), original; Gelling, ECTV, no. 171 (pp. 18-19, 85-6, 113), original; Keynes 1980, p. 187 n. 115; Pelteret 1986, p. 483; Wormald 1988, no. 65; BA Facs., p. 6; Dumville 1993, p. 30 n. 101, cited with reference to script; Keynes 1993, p. 268, on MSS 2, 3: Keynes 1993/2, p. 305, on history of MS 1; Lowe 1993/1, on vocabulary; Dumville 1994, p. 146 n. 75, cited; Pelteret 1995, pp. 112-19, 129, 300, 330-4, queries details of Whitelock's interpretation; Faith 1997, pp. 63, 168, cited.
Note. MSS 3 and 4 are a Latin abstract of the vernacular text, into which has been incorporated the witness-list and concluding paragraph of a lost Latin diploma of King Edmund (see StA 1). These interpolations also occur in MS 2.
A.D. 977 x 982. Will of Æthelmær, ealdorman, including bequests of 13 hides previously held by Lufa, to New Minster, Winchester; of land at Tidworth, Hants., to his wife, with reversion to New Minster; and of land at Igeneshamme (? Inglesham, Wilts. or Eynsham, Oxon.) and Cottesmore (lost, in Broadwell, Oxon.) to his sons. Old English, Middle English and Latin versions.
Archive: Winchester, New Minster
MSS: 1. Earl of Macclesfield, Shirburn Castle, Liber Abbatiae, 35v-36v (s. xiv)
2. BL Lansdowne 717, 46r-47r (s. xvi2; ex 1)
Printed: Edwards, Liber de Hyda, pp. 254-8, with translation, pp. 363-5; Whitelock, Wills, no. 10 (pp. 24-7), Old English only, with translation.
Comments: Whitelock, Wills, pp. 125-8, Cottesmore located in Rutland; PN Oxon., i. 308, Cottesmore was lost place in Broadwell, Oxon.; Finberg, ECW, no. 125, authentic; Hart, ECEE, no. 151 (pp. 100-1, 107), authentic; Biddle et al. 1976, p. 427; Brooks 1978, pp. 87-91, on heriot; Gelling, ECTV, no. 280, authentic, p. 189. on identifications; Keynes 1990, p. 253; Keynes 1996, p. 30, on Winchester context.
A.D. 1047 x 1070. Æthelmær, bishop (of Elmham), to (Bury) St Edmunds; bequest of land at Hindringham, Langham, Hindolveston and Swanton Novers, Norfolk. English.
Archive: Bury St Edmunds
MS: Cambridge, U.L., Ff. 2. 33, 49r (s. xiii2)
Printed: Thorpe, pp. 599-600, with translation; Whitelock, Wills, no. 35 (p. 92), with translation.
Comments: Whitelock, Wills, pp. 204-5; Hart, ECEE, no. 136, authentic; Pelteret 1995, pp. 122, 297.
A.D. 805 x 832. Will of Æthelnoth, reeve at Eastry, and Gænburg, his wife, concerning arrangements for the disposition of land at Eythorne, Kent. English.
Archive: Canterbury, Christ Church
MSS: 1. BL Stowe Ch. 8 (s. ix1; OS Facs., iii. 8)
2. BL Stowe 853, 12v-13r (s. xvii)
Printed: K 191; Thorpe, pp. 462-3, incomplete, with translation; Sweet, Second Reader, p. 208 (no. 20); B 318 endorsement; Earle, p. 77, with translation; Robertson, Charters, no. 3 (p. 4), with translation.
Comments: Sweet, OET, pp. 441-2 (no. 24); Robertson, Charters, pp. 262-3; Campbell 1938, p. 143, original; Wright 1950, p. 391.
Note. MS 1 contains a copy of S 41, granting land at Eythorne to Æthelnoth, followed by S 1500, written by the same scribe.
c. A.D. 960 x 994. Will of Æthelric, including bequest of all his land to his wife, with reversions as follows; land at Bocking, Essex, part to Christ Church and part to the church at Bocking; at Rayne, Essex, to St Paul's, London; at Copford and Glazenwood in Bradwell, Essex, to Ælfstan, bishop (of London); at Northho, part to St Gregory's, Sudbury, and part to St Edmunds at Bedericesworth (Bury). English.
Archives: Canterbury, Christ Church, and Bury St Edmunds
MSS: 1. Canterbury, D. & C., Chart. Ant. B. 2 (Red Book no. 20; s. xi, ? xi2; OS Facs., i. 16)
2. Cambridge, U.L., Ff. 2. 33, 50r (s. xiii2)
3. Canterbury, D. & C., Reg. A, 141v (s. xiii)
4. Canterbury, D. & C., Reg. E, 43r (s. xiii)
5. BL Add. 4548, 19r-21r (s. xviii; ex 1)
6. BL Stowe 853, 28rv (s. xvii)
Printed: K 699 ex MS 1; Thorpe, pp. 516-17, with translation; Earle, pp. 215-16; Whitelock, Wills, no. 16(1) (p. 42), with translation.
Comments: Whitelock, Wills, pp. 146-8; Chaplais 1968, p. 332 n. 169, step from wrapping-tie (= 1973, p. 83 n. 169); Hart, ECE, no. 27, authentic; Brooks 1978, pp. 87-91, on heriot; Fleming 1993, p. 121; Lowe 1993a, pp. 10-15, on MSS 3, 4; cf. S 939, King Æthelred's confirmation of S 1501, and also S 1218.
A.D. 1048 x 1050. Æthelric Bigga to St Augustine's; bequest of land at Bodsham and Wilderton, Kent, to take effect after the death of the present tenants. Latin.
Archive: Canterbury, St Augustine's
MSS: 1. BL Cotton Jul. D. ii, 105r (s. xiii)
2. PRO E 164/27, 83rv (s. xiii)
Printed: K 1338 ex MS 1; Thorpe, p. 586 ex MS 1; Kelly, St Augustine's, no. 38 ex MSS 1, 2.
Comments: Turner 1915, p. xl; Wallenberg, KPN, p. 333, on place-names; Abels 1988, pp. 150-1, on tenurial bckground; Kelly, St Augustine's, pp. 133-4, authentic, probably translation of Old English original.
A.D. 1014. Will of the Ætheling Æthelstan, including bequests of land at Adderbury, Oxon., Marlow, Bucks., and (Steeple) Morden, Cambs., to Old Minster, Winchester; at Hollingbourne and Garrington in Littlebourne, Kent, to Christ Church, Canterbury; at Rotherfield (? Sussex) to Nunnaminster, Winchester; at Chalton, Hants., Northtune and at Mollington, Oxon., to King Æthelred; land in East Anglia and Peacesdele (? Peak District or Pegsdon, Beds.) to Edmund, his brother; at Hambleden, Bucks., to Ælfmær; at Cumtune to Godwine; at Westune to Ælfswith; at Heorulfestune to Ælfwine; at Catherington, Hants., to Ælfmær; at Hockcliffe, Beds., to Siferth; at Tewin, Herts., to Æthelweard the Stammerer and to Lyfing; at Lutegaresheale (? Ludgershall, Wilts.), to Godwine the Driveller. English.
Archives: Christ Church, Canterbury, and Old Minster, Winchester
MSS: 1. BL Stowe Ch. 37 (s. xi1; Golden Age, p. 149 (no. 152); OS Facs., iii. 38)
2. Canterbury, D. & C., Chart. Ant. H 68 (? s. xi1; OS Facs., i. 18)
3. Canterbury, D. & C., Reg. A, 142r-143r (s. xiii)
4. Canterbury, D. & C., Reg. E, 43rv (s. xiii)
5. BL Add. 15350, 43v-44v (s. xii)
6. BL Add. 15350, 50rv (s. xii)
Printed: Somner 1726, pp. 197-204, with interlined translation; Lye 1772, ii, Appendix ii, no. 5, with Latin translation; K 722; Thorpe, pp. 557-62, with translation; Earle, pp. 224-7; Whitelock, Wills, no. 20 (pp. 56-63), with translation.
Translated: Whitelock, EHD, no. 129 (pp. 593-6) [no. 130 in 1st edn].
Comments: PN Bucks., pp. 104, 177, Hamelendene is Hambleden, Bucks.; PN Wilts., pp. 367-8; Stenton 1932, p. 134; Whitelock, Wills, pp. 167-74; Mawer 1941-2, pp. 92-4, Lutgaresheale probably Ludgershall, Wilts.; Ekwall, DEPN, p. 306, agrees with Mawer, p. 360, suggests Peacesdele is Pegsdon, Beds.; PN Oxon., ii. 391; Finberg, ECW, no. 151, authentic, identifies Rotherfield as lying in East Tisted, Hants.; Chaplais 1966/1, pp. 170, 172 (= 1973, pp. 55, 57); Chaplais 1968, p. 332 n. 169, step from wrapping-tie in MS 2 (= 1973, p. 83 n. 169); Dodgson and Khaliq 1969-70, pp. 23-4; Barlow 1970, p. 30 n. 3, pp. 34-5; Hart 1970/1, p. 28 (no. 75), original, p. 29 (no. 84); Stenton 1970, p. 292, on place-name; Hart, ECEE, no. 67, authentic; Finberg 1972, p. 483, cited; Hart, ECNE, p. 385, the reference is to Steeple Morden; Jones 1976, p. 28, identifies as Rotherfield, Sussex; Brooks 1978, pp. 87-91, on heriot; Gelling, ECTV, no. 179 (pp. 21, 78, 89, 140), authentic, queries Pegsdon identification, notes that Ludgershall, Bucks., or Lurgarshall, Sussex, as as likely as Ludgershall, Wilts.; Whitelock, EHD, pp. 593-4, date must be 1014; Keynes 1980, p. 267, dates 1014; Golden Age, p. 149 (no. 152); Keynes 1990, p. 254; Lawson 1993, p. 78 n. 72, dates 1015; Lowe 1993a, pp. 3-15, on MSS 3-6; Keynes 1994/1, pp. 70-1 and n. 156; Baines 1995, on Hambleden; Pelteret 1995, pp. 123, 130, 328-9.
Note. MSS 1 and 2 are both from Christ Church, Canterbury. MS 1 is the upper portion of a chirograph (CYROGRAPHVM) and was written by two scribes. MS 2 appears to be a copy (but probably not of MS 1); it is not part of a chirograph and has a step from a wrapping-tie.
A short note, in Latin, of the grant of Hollingbourne to Christ Church, Canterbury, is in the following MSS: Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, 189, 200v (s. xii; printed Twysden, X Scriptores, cols 2221-2); Canterbury, D. & C., Reg. D, 348r (s. xv); Canterbury, D. & C., Reg. P, 23r (s. xii; printed Fleiming 1997, p. 137, no. 54); London, Lambeth Palace, 1212, p. 326 (s. xiii); Bodleian, Tanner 223, 17v (s. xvi).
? A.D. 986. Will of Æthelstan Mannessune, including bequests of land at Chatteris, Cambs., to Ramsey abbey, and at Wold (near Witchford), Cambs., to Ely abbey; at Clapham, Beds. Graveley, Cambs. Waresley, Hunts. and Elsworth, Cambs., to his wife for her lifetime, with reversion to Ramsey abbey; half the land at Knapwell, Cambs., to his wife, and half to Leofsige, his kinsman; land at Over, Cambs., and Holywell, Hunts., to his wife; at Cottenham, Cambs., to his son; at Great Gransden, Cambs., to his elder daughter; 2 hides at Hatley, Cambs., to his sister; land at Slepe (St Ives, Hunts.) and at Hackthorn, Lincs., to his younger daughter Ælfwenna, and her heirs, with ultimate reversion to Ramsey abbey; the remainder of the estate at Hatley to Leofsige; land at Potton, Beds., to the son of Leofsige's brother, after the death of Æffe, if he can get it from her by litigation; half the fishery at Welle (cf. Upwell and Outwell, Cambs. and Norfolk) to his wife, and the other half to his son and two daughters. Latin.
Archive: Ramsey
MSS: 1. PRO E 164/28141rv (s. xiv)
2. Bodleian, Rawl. B. 333, 7v-8r (s. xiv1)
3. Bodleian, Rawl. B. 333, 32v (s. xiv1)
Printed: Macray, Chron. Ramsey, pp. 59-60.
Comments: Raftis 1957, pp. 13-14; Blake, Liber Eliensis, p. 91; Hart 1964/1, Latin abstract of vernacular will, cannot be complete for no mention is made of heriot; Hart, ECEE, no. 21 (pp. 29, 45, 101-2), authentic, cf. no. 22; Gelling, ECTV, no. 5, authentic; Hart 1992, pp. 613-23; Kennedy 1995, p. 144; Pelteret 1995, pp. 143-3; Wareham 1996, pp. 49-53.
A.D. 946 x 947. Will of Ealdorman Æthelwold, including bequests of 12 hides at Wylye, Wilts., to the bishop and episcopal community at Winchester; land at Ogbourne in Wilts., Æscesdune (cf. Ashdown) in Berks., Cheam in Surrey and Washington in Sussex, to his brother Eadric; at Broadwater in Sussex and South Newton in Wilts., to his brother Athelstan; at Carcel to his brother's son, Ælfsige; and at Cleran (Kingsclere, Hants.) to the son of his brother Ælfstan. English.
Archive: Winchester, Old Minster
MS: BL Add. 15350, 87rv (s. xii)
Printed: K 1173; Thorpe, pp. 499-500, with translation; B 819; Earle, pp. 360-1; Harmer, SEHD, no. 20 (p. 33), with translation, pp. 63-4; Wyatt 1919, pp. 117-18; Barker 1949, pp. 58-9, with translation.
Comments: Harmer, SEHD, pp. 116-19; Darlington 1955, p. 86; Ekwall 1959, p. 88, suggests Carcel is Silchester, Hants.; Finberg, ECW, no. 65 (pp. 42-3, 88), authentic, land at Wylye was probably Stockton; Hart 1970/1, p. 34 (no. 153), authentic; Brooks 1978, pp. 87-91, on heriot; Gelling, ECTV, no. 51, authentic; Dumville 1992, p. 44, on testator; Hart 1992, p. 573; Keynes 1992, p. 63 n. 45, on form of address; Abrams 1996, pp. 48-9, on Æscesdune; Keynes 1996, p. 59 n. 39, on commemoration of testator.
After A.D. 987. Will of Æthelwold, including bequests of 10 hides at Manningford Abbots, Wilts., to his wife for life, with reversion to New Minster, Winchester; and of land at Uptune (? Upton Scudamore, Wilts.) to his son. Old English, Middle English and Latin versions.
Archive: Winchester, New Minster
MSS: 1. Earl of Macclesfield, Shirburn Castle, Liber Abbatiae, 33v-34r (s. xiv)
2. BL Lansdowne 717, 44v-45v (s. xvi2; ex 1)
Printed: Alford 1663, iii. 409; Edwards, Liber de Hyda, pp. 236-8, with translation, pp. 357-8; Whitelock, Wills, no. 12 (p. 30), with translation.
Comments: Whitelock, Wills, pp. 132-3; Darlington 1955, p. 94; Finberg, ECW, no. 326, authentic; Chaplais 1966/1, p. 173, on epistolary aspects (= 1973, p. 58); Brooks 1978, pp. 87-91, on heriot; cf. S 865.
A.D. 941 x 958 (? 958). (a) Agreement between Æthelweard and Archbishop Oda and the Christ Church community over land at Ickham, Kent. (b) Later agreement between Eadric and Christ Church respecting the estate. English.
Archive: Canterbury, Christ Church
MSS: 1. BL Stowe Ch. 27 (s. x; OS Facs., iii. 28)
2. Canterbury, D. & C., Reg. A, 141v (s. xiii; abbreviated)
3. Canterbury, D. & C., Reg. E, 42v-43r (s. xiii; abbreviated)
Printed: Lye 1772, Appendix ii, no. 3 ex MS 1; K 477 ex Lye; K 478 ex MS 2; Thorpe, pp. 509-11; B 1010 ex MS 1; B 1011 ex MS 2; Robertson, Charters, no. 32 (pp. 58-61), ex MS 1, with translation.
Comments: Wallenberg, KPN, p. 285, on place-names; Robertson, Charters, pp. 315-17; HRH, p. 235, probably original, probably from 958; Brooks 1984, pp. 28, 236-7, 375 n. 95, shows Christ Church estate being farmed to Kentish nobles; Dumville 1992, p. 183 n. 78, original; Lowe 1993a, pp. 10-15, on MSS 2-3; Dumville 1994, pp. 146-7, on script, dates it 941 x 958; Bullough 1996, p. 7 n. 27.
Note. Lower portion of chirograph (CYREGRAFFA), with the agreement in the name of Eadric added on the dorse. Later medieval endorsement '958'.
A.D. 873 x 888. Will of King Alfred, including bequests of land at Lambourn and Wantage, Berks.; at Stratton in Trigg and elsewhere in Cornwall; at Axmouth, Branscombe, Cullompton, Exminster, Hartland, Lifton, Tiverton, Whitchurch, Devon; at Sturminster Marshall, Dorset; at Candover, Crondall, Hurstbourne Priors, Hurstbourne Tarrant, Kingsclere, Meon, Hants.; at Arreton in the Isle of Wight; in Kent; at Cannington, Carhampton, Chewton Mendip, Crewkerne, Kilton, Wedmore and Yeovil, Somerset; at Eashing, Godalming, Guildford, Leatherhead and Thunderfield Castle, Surrey; at Aldingbourne, Angmering, Beckley, Beeding, Beddingham, Dean, Ditchley, Felpham, Lyminster, Rotherfield, Sutton and Steyning, Sussex; at Amesbury, Ashton Keynes, Bedwyn, Chippenham, Chisledon, Edington and Pewsey, Wilts.; also æt Suttune (Sutton, Hants. or Wilts.), æt Aweltune (Alton, Hants., or Alton Priors, Wilts.), æt Deone (? East and West Dean, Sussex, or West Dean, Wilts.), æt Sutheswyrth (? Lustleigh in Devon), æt Mylenburnam (? Silverton, Devon), æt Welewe and æt Welig (Wellow in Hants., Wilts. or Somerset), æt Cumtune (Compton) and æt Burnham (Somerset); the beneficiaries including Winchester (Cathedral) and the king's children. Old English, Middle English and Latin versions.
Archive: Winchester, New Minster
MSS: Old English
1. BL Stowe 944, 29v-33r (s. xi1; OS Facs., iii. 22; Making of England, p. 265 (no. 240), 30v-31r only; Smyth 1995, pl. 24, fol. 30v only)
2. BL Stowe 945, 2v-8v (s. xviii)
3. Earl of Macclesfield, Shirburn Castle, Liber Abbatiae, 8v-9r, 10rv (s. xiv)
Middle English
4. Earl of Macclesfield, Shirburn Castle, Liber Abbatiae, 9r, 10v-11r (s. xiv)
Latin
5. Earl of Macclesfield, Shirburn Castle, Liber Abbatiae, 9r-10r, 11v-12r (s. xiv)
Printed: Old English
Manning 1788; K 314; Thorpe, pp. 484-92; Edward, Liber de Hyda, pp. 52-4, 62-6, with translation, pp. 327-33; B 553; Earle, pp. 144-9; Birch, Liber Vitae, pp. 74-80 ex MS 1, with translation; Harmer, SEHD, pp. 15-19 (no. 11), with translation, pp. 49-53; Wyatt 1919, pp. 106-9.
Middle English
Edwards, Liber de Hyda, pp. 54-6, 67-71; B 554.
Latin
Alford 1663, iii. 149-51; K 1067; Edwards, Liber de Hyda, pp. 57-60, 71-5; B 555; Pierquin, Recueil, pt 3, no. 59 bis.
Translated: Keynes and Lapidge 1983, pp. 174-8; Whitelock, EHD, no. 96 (pp. 534-7).
Comments: Harmer, SEHD, pp. 91-103; PN Sussex, p. 426, suggests Burnham is Eastbourne; Alexander 1931, on Lifton; Finberg, ECDC, no. 16; Darlington 1955, pp. 31, 87; Finberg, ECW, no. 25 (pp. 32, 76, 126, 166), authentic; John 1966, pp. 42-3; Stenton 1971, p. 553, cited; PN Berks., ii. 333; Jones 1976, p. 28, on Sussex estates; Gelling, ECTV, no. 28 (pp. 30, 155), authentic; Whitelock, EHD, p. 534; Hill 1981, map no. 148 (p. 84); Keynes and Lapidge 1983, pp. 173-4, 313-26; Wormald 1988, no. 20; PN Dorset, ii. 45; Dumville 1992, pp. 110-11 n. 263, on Lambourn; Making of England, pp. 264-5 (no. 240); Lowe 1993a, pp. 15-19, on MSS 3-5; Lowe 1993b, on terminology; Hooke 1994, pp. 17, 103-4; Kennedy 1995, pp. 178, 183; Pelteret 1995, pp. 110-11, 267; Smyth 1995, pp. 264-6, 401-20, composite document with later additions and revisions to earlier versions; Abrams 1996, pp. 52-3, 71, 92, on Chisledon, Burnham and Wedmore; Blair 1996, p. 117, on internal reference to Cheddar; Keynes 1996, pp. 98-9, on MS 1.
A.D. 871 x 899. Will of Alfred, ealdorman, including bequests of 32 hides at Sanderstead and Selsdon in Surrey, 20 at Westerham in Kent, 6 at Lingfield and 10 at Horsley, both in Surrey, and 6 at Nettlestead, Kent [to his wife, Werburg, and their daughter, Alhthryth]; of a annual render of 200 pence from an estate at Clapham, Surrey [to Chertsey minster]; of 2 hides at Waddington and 1 at Gatton, Surrey [to his son, Æthelwald]; of 1 hide at Linkfield in Reigate, Surrey, to his kinsman Beorhtsige; of land at Nettlestead, Kent, to his kinsman Sigewulf, burdened with an annual render to Christ Church, Canterbury; of land at Farleigh, Kent, burdened with an annual render to Rochester, to Eadred, after Æthelred's time, with reversion to Alfred's maternal relatives. English.
Archive: Canterbury, Christ Church
MSS: 1. BL Stowe Ch. 20 (s. ix2; Making of England, no. 239; OS Facs., iii. 20)
2. BL Stowe 945, 19r-23r (s. xviii)
Printed: Lye 1772, Appendix ii, no. 2; K 317; Thorpe, pp. 480-4, with translation; Sweet, OET, pp. 451-3 (no. 45); Sweet, Reader, pp. 202-4; Sweet, Second Reader, pp. 216-18 (no. 27); B 558; Earle, pp. 149-51; Harmer, SEHD, pp. 13-15 (no. 10), with translation, pp. 47-9.
Translated: Whitelock, EHD, no. 97 (pp. 537-9).
Comments: Vinogradoff 1893, pp. 9-11, 16; Maitland 1897, pp. 245-6; Harmer, SEHD, pp. 88-91; Wallenberg, KPN, p. 227, on Kentish names; Parsons 1939, pp. 14, 23-5, genuine; Sisam 1953, p. 124, cited; Wilson 1959, pp. 302-4, on language; Sweet, Reader, p. 288; Stenton 1971, pp. 310-11, on reference to folkland; Finberg 1972, p. 497, cited; Gelling, ECTV, no. 321, original; Whitelock, EHD, p. 537; Brooks 1984, p. 173; Dumville 1987, pp. 157-8, script of MS 1 may be slightly later; Campbell 1989, pp. 26-7 n. 28, on reference to 'value' of land; Keynes 1990, p. 253; Making of England, pp. 263-4 (no. 239); Foot 1992, p. 191, on a formula; Reynolds 1992, p. 217 (= 1994, p. 329); Fleming 1993, p. 120, on bequest to Christ Church; Gretsch 1994, pp. 76-7, on orthography.
A.D. 932 x 939. Alfred, thegn, bequeaths land at North Stoneham, Hants., to his wife for life, with reversion to New Minster, Winchester. Old English, Middle English and Latin versions.
Archive: Winchester, New Minster
MS: Earl of Macclesfield, Shirburn Castle, Liber Abbatiae, 19v (s. xiv)
Printed: Old English
Edwards, Liber de Hyda, p. 132; B 649; Birch, Liber Vitae, pp. 221-2 ex Edwards; Robertson, Charters, no. 27 (p. 54), with translation.
Middle English
Edwards, Liber de Hyda, p. 132; B 650.
Latin
Alford 1663, iii. 254; Edwards, Liber de Hyda, p. 133; B 651.
Comments: Robertson, Charters, pp. 309-10; Finberg, ECW, no. 52, authentic; Keynes 1996, p. 23 n. 77, form of document may not be contemporary; cf. S 418.
A.D. 845 x 853. Will of Badanoth Beotting. English.
Archive: Canterbury, Christ Church
MS: BL Cotton Ch. ii. 42 (s. ix med.; BM Facs., ii. 25)
Printed: Hickes, Diss. Epist., pp. 54-5; K 238; Thorpe, pp. 476-8, with translation; Sweet, OET, pp. 449-50 (no. 42); Sweet, Second Reader, pp. 215-16 (no. 26); B 417; Campbell 1938, p. 137, with translation, pp. 138-42; Robertson, Charters, no. 6 (p. 10), with translation.
Comments: Bond 1878, p. 7, contemporary; Deanesly 1927, p. 4 n. 3, dates it to c. 844; Campbell 1938, authentic; Parsons 1939, p. 14, genuine and contemporary; Robertson, Charters, pp. 269-71; Brooks 1984, pp. 148, 159 and 357 n. 22, p. 361 n. 70, scribe also wrote S 296, 1194; Keynes 1990, p. 252 n. 101; Pelteret 1995, p. 277; S 296.
A.D. 975 x 987. (? 980 x 987) Will of Brihtric and Ælfswith, his wife, including bequests of 2 sulungs at Denton and 2 at Longfield, with renders from Hæslholt, Wateringbury, Birling and Harrietsham, all in Kent, to St Andrew's. Rochester; of land at Meopham, Kent, to Christ Church (Canterbury); and of land at Darenth to Brihtwaru for life with reversion to St Andrew's; of land at Birling to Wulfheah; at Wateringbury to Wulfsige; at Hæslholt to Sired; at Harrietsham to Wulfheah and Ælfheah; at Walkingstead (in Godstone, Surrey) to Wulfstan Ucca; at Stratton in Godstone, Surrey, to Walkingstead minster; and at Titsey, Surrey, to Wulfsige; also confirmation of earlier bequests of land at Fawkham, Bromley and Snodland, all in Kent, to St Andrew's (Rochester). English and Latin versions.
Archive: Rochester
MSS: English
1. Maidstone, Kent Archives Office, DRc/R1 (Textus Roffensis), 144r-145r (s. xii1; facsimile)
Latin
2. Maidstone, Kent Archives Office, DRc/R1 (Textus Roffensis), 145v-147r (s. xii1; facsimile)
Printed: English
Hearne, Textus Roffensis, pp. 110-12; Hickes, Diss. Epist., p. 51; Thorpe, Reg. Roff., pp. 26-7; K 492; Thorpe, pp. 500-3, with translation; B 1132; Whitelock, Wills, no. 11 (pp. 26-9), with translation; Campbell, Rochester, no. 35.
Latin
Hearne, Textus Roffensis, pp. 112-15; Hickes, Diss. Epist., pp. 51-4; Thorpe, Reg. Roff., pp. 26-7; K 1242; Mon. Angl. (rev. edn), i. 171 (no. 36); Thorpe, pp. 503-5; B 1133; Campbell, Rochester, no. 35b.
Comments: Hickes, Diss. Epist., p. 56; Wallenberg, KPN, pp. 292-5, on place-names; Whitelock, Wills, pp. 128-92; Campbell, Rochester, pp. xx-xxii, xxv, genuine; Barker 1977, on background; Brooks 1978, pp. 87-91, on heriot; Gelling, ECTV, no. 339, authentic; Brooks 1984, pp. 221, 371 n. 45, on Meopham; Wormald 1986, pp. 157-9, on background; Kennedy 1995, p. 166, on legal background; Flight 1996; cf. S 1457.
A.D. 970 x 981 or 984. Brihtric Grim to Old Minster (Winchester); bequest of land at Rimpton, Somerset. English.
Archive: Winchester, Old Minster
MS: BL Add. 15350, 52v (s. xii)
Printed: K 628; Thorpe, pp. 518-19; B 931; Whitelock, Wills, no. 7 (pp. 18-19), with translation.
Comments: Whitelock, Wills, pp. 117-18; Finberg, ECW, no. 514, authentic; Hart 1970/1, p. 29 (no. 88), authentic; Abrams 1996, pp. 78, 138, 257-8, cited.
Note. Probably an endorsement to S 571. Internal reference to S 441, 571.
c. A.D. 900. Ceolwynn to the community at Winchester for their refectory; bequest of 15 hides at Alton Priors, Wilts. Latin and English versions, with English bounds.
Archive: Winchester, Old Minster
MS: BL Add. 15350, 76v-77r (s. xii)
Printed: K 1070; Thorpe, pp. 492-5, with translation; B 566; Pierquin, Recueil, pt 3, no. 61; Robertson, Charters, no. 17 (pp. 30-3), English only, with translation.
Comments: Stevenson 1902, p. 638, on identification; Grundy, Wilts. 1919, pp. 159-64, bounds describe at least part of the later parish of Alton Priors; Robertson Charters, pp. 291-3; Darlington 1955, p. 85; Finberg, ECW, no. 216, authentic; Hart 1970/1, p. 32 (no. 133), authentic; Finberg 1972, p. 493, on an element in bounds.
c. A.D. 855. Will of Dunn bequeathing a haga and land at Rochester to his wife for her life, with reversion to St Andrew's (Rochester). English.
Archive: Rochester
MS: Maidstone, Kent Archives Office, DRc/R1 (Textus Roffensis), 140rv (s. xii1; facsimile)
Printed: Hearne, Textus Roffensis, p. 103; K 276; Thorpe, p. 478; B 486 (2); Earle, pp. 337-8; Pierquin, Recueil, pt 2, no. 21; Robertson, Charters, no. 9 (pp. 14-17), with translation; Campbell, Rochester, no. 23.
Translated: Whitelock, EHD, no. 89 (p. 526).
Comments: Robertson, Charters, pp. 276-7; Finberg, ECW, p. 202, authentic; Keynes and Lapidge 1983, pp. 233-4, cited.
Note. Probably endorsement to S 315.
A.D. 951 x 955. Will of King Eadred, including bequests of land at Downton, Wilts., Damerham, Hants. (formerly Wilts.) and Calne, Wilts., to Old Minster, Winchester; at Wherwell, Andover and Kingsclere, Hants., to New Minster, Winchester; at Shalbourne, Wilts., Thatcham, Berks., and Bradford (? -on-Avon, Wilts.), to Nunnaminster, Winchester; at Amesbury, Wilts., Wantage, Berks., and Basing, Hants., with land in Sussex, Surrey and Kent to his mother. Old English, Middle English and Latin versions.
Archive: Winchester, New Minster
MSS: 1. Earl of Macclesfield, Shirburn Castle, Liber Abbatiae, 22r (Old English), 22rv (Middle English), 22v-23r (Latin) (s. xv)
2. BL Lansdowne 717, 42r-43v (s. xvi2; ex 1)
Printed: Alford 1663, iii. 305-6; Edwards, Liber de Hyda, pp. 153-61 (all versions); B 912 (Old English); B 913 (Middle English); B 914 (Latin); Harmer, SEHD, no. 21 (pp. 34-5), Old English only, with translation, pp. 64-5.
Translated: Whitelock, EHD, no. 107 (pp. 555-6).
Comments: Harmer, SEHD, pp. 119-23; Darlington 1955, pp. 30, 84, 86, 93, 96; Finberg, ECW, no. 75, authentic; John 1966, p. 43; Stenton 1971, p. 363, cited; PN Berks., i. 188, ii. 191; Biddle et al. 1976, p. 465 n. 8, cited; Gelling, ECTV, no. 66 (pp. 43, 158), authentic; Whitelock, EHD, pp. 554-5; Keynes 1980, pp. 158-9; Hill 1981, map no. 159 (p. 89); Meyer 1981, p. 348; Loyn 1984, pp. 98, 109; Keynes 1988, p. 190, on bequests to royal priests; Reynolds 1992, p. 219; Dumville 1993, p. 46; Keynes 1994, pp. 188-90, may not have been implemented; Abrams 1996, pp. 105-7, on Damerham bequest; Keynes 1996, pp. 23-4, on Winchester conections of will.
s. xi med. Will of Eadwine concerning land at Algarsthorpe, Little Melton, Bergh Apton (Ashwell), Thorpe, Great Melton, Wreningham, all in Norfolk; the beneficiaries being (Bury) St Edmunds, St Benedict's (Holme), St Etheldreda's (Ely), and the churches at Algarsthorpe, Little Melton, Bergh Apton, Norfolk; and Holverstone, Suffolk; Blyford, Sparham, Ashwell, Fundenhall and Nayland in Wreningham, all in Norfolk, also Ketel. English.
Archive: Bury St Edmunds
MSS: 1. Cambridge, U.L., Ff. 2. 33, 45rv (s. xiii2)
2. BL Add. 14847, 15v (s. xiv)
Printed: K 921; Thorpe, pp. 589-91, with translation; Whitelock, Wills, no. 33 (pp. 86-9), with translation.
Translated: Douglas and Greenaway, EHD II, no. 188 (pp. 904-5).
Comments: Douglas 1932, pp. cxii-v; Whitelock, Wills, pp. 199-201; Hart, ECEE, no. 94, authentic; Pelteret 1995, pp. 123, 130.
Note. Issued in triplicate, with copies retained by Bury, St Benet at Holme and Eadwine.
c. A.D. 1050. Will of Eadwine of Caddington, including bequests of land at Watford, Herts., to St Albans; at Sundon, Streatley and Caddington, Beds., Hæslea (or Hærlea), Pirian, Putnoe, Beds., and Barley, Herts., to his son, Leofwine; and at Weston and Knebworth, Herts., to his wife. With reversion of Pirian to Abingdon Abbey and of Barley to St Albans. English, with Latin abstract.
Archive: St Albans
MSS: English
1. Brussels, Bibliothèque Royale, 7965-73 (3723), 165r (s. xvii; Keynes 1993, pl. VIII)
Latin abstract
2. Brussels, Bibliothèque Royale, 7965-73 (3723), 164v-165r (s. xvii)
3. BL Cotton Nero D. i, 151v-152r (s. xiii)
Printed: English
Keynes 1993, p. 276, with translation, pp. 276-7.
Latin
K 920; Thorpe, p. 589; Luard, Additamenta, p. 33; Pierquin, Recueil, pt 6, no. 72; Keynes 1993, p. 276.
Translated: Fowler 1920, pp. 53-4 (no. 13), from the Latin version.
Comments: Fowler 1920, p. 54; PN Beds., pp. 105, 145, 164, 165; Gelling, ECTV, no. 183 (pp. 21, 90-1), authentic; Keynes 1993, pp. 267, 275-9, on MS 1.
c. A.D. 1013. Will of Godric, including bequests of land at Terrington, Norfolk, to St Benedict's, Ramsey; and of land at Acleya to Eadnoth, his son, with reversion to Ramsey. Latin.
Archive: Ramsey
MSS: 1. Bodleian, Rawl. B. 333, 14r (s. xiv1)
2. Bodleian, Rawl. B. 333, 34r (s. xiv1)
Printed: K 928 ex MS 1*; Macray, Chron, Ramsey, p. 111; Pierquin, Recueil, pt 6, no. 75.
Translated: Fowler 1920, p. 49 (no. 10).
Comments: K iv, p. 266 n., only a portion of a charter, preserved in a narrative; Fowler 1920, pp. 50-2, identifies Acleya as Oakley, Beds.; Hart 1964/1, p. 64, on a date and background; Hart, ECEE, no. 29, authentic, suggests identification of Acleya with a wood in St Ives, Hunts.
A.D. 1052 x 1066. Will of Ketel, including bequests of land at Sisted, Essex, to Christ Church, Canterbury; at Harling, Norfolk, to Archbishop Stigand; the reversion of land at Great Melton, Norfolk, to St Benedict's at Holme and at Thorpe near Fundenhall, Norfolk, to Bury St Edmund's, after the deaths of Ketel and his uncle, Wulfric; land at Ketteringham, Norfolk, to his sister Bote, if she outlive him (if not, he is to have the land at Somerledetone [Somerton or Somerleyton, Suffolk]); land at Walsingham in East Carlton, Norfolk, to his sister Gode, if she outlive him (if not, he is to have the land at Preston, Suffolk); land at Hainford, Norfolk, and Coggeshall, Essex, to his brother Godric, and also land at Strattune (? Stratton Strawless, Norfolk), on payment of two pounds to Ælwig, Ketel's servant; the reversion of land at Onehouse, Suffolk, to Bury St Edmunds, after the deaths of Ketel and his stepdaughter, Ælfgifu; the half estate at Moran, Norfolk, to Earl Harold; land at Frating, Essex, according to an agreement made by (? Earl Harold) and Archbishop Stigand; land at Rashford, Suffolk, to Ælfric, his priest and kinsman. English.
Archive: Bury St Edmunds
MSS: 1. Cambridge, U.L., Ff. 2. 33, 45v-46r (s. xiii2)
2. BL Add. 14847, 16r (s. xiv)
Printed: K 1339; Thorpe, pp. 581-4, with translation; Whitelock, Wills, no. 34 (pp. 88-91), with translation.
Translated: Douglas and Greenaway, EHD II, no. 189 (pp. 905-6); Hunter 1852, p. 253.
Comments: Douglas 1932, pp. cxii-xv; Whitelock, Wills, pp. 201-4; John 1960, p. 17 n. 1; Hart, ECEE, no. 118 (pp. 77, 95), authentic; Hart, ECE, no. 66, authentic; Finberg 1972, p. 509, cited; Brooks 1978, pp. 87-91, on heriot; Reynolds 1994, p. 338 n. 72; Pelteret 1995, pp. 123-4, 130; Faith 1997, p. 63, cited; cf. S 1535, the will of Ketel's mother, Wulfgyth.
A.D. 1017 x 1035. Will of Leofflæd, including bequests of land at Balsham, Cambs., to Ely Abbey; at Stetchworth to her daughters Ælfwyn and Æthelswith, for life, with reversion to Ely Abbey; at Wetheringsett, Suffolk, to her daughter, Leofwaru. Latin.
Archive: Ely
MSS: 1. Cambridge, Trinity College, O. 2. 1, 75v-76r (s. xii)
2. Ely, D. & C., Liber Eliensis, 74r (s. xiii)
3. BL Cotton Domit. xv, 92v (s. xv)
4. BL Cotton Titus A. i, 22r (s. xii)
5. Bodleian, Laud. Misc. 647, 45v (s. xii)
Printed: Gale, XV Scriptores, pp. 507-8; K 932 ex Gale; Pierquin, Recueil, pt 6, no. 77; Blake, Liber Eliensis, pp. 157-8.
Comments: Blake, Liber Eliensis, p. 423; Hart, ECEE, no. 68 (pp. 48, 63), authentic; Keynes 1992, p. 63 n. 45, on form of address.
Note. Issued in triplicate, with portions retained by Ely, in the king's treasury and by Leofflæd.
A.D. 1035 x 1044. Will of Leofgifu, including bequests of land at Hintlesham, Essex, and Gestingthorpe, Suffolk, to Bury St Edmunds; the minster at (? Earls) Colne, Essex, to Æthelric and Ælfric, priests, and Æthelsige, deacon; land at Belchamp (? Walter), Essex, to her lady; land at (? Great) Bentley, Essex, to Alfweard, bishop (of London); at Boreham, Essex, to her kinsman Ælfgar; at Bramford, Suffolk, to her kinsman Ælfric, Wihtgar's son; at at Willesham, Suffolk, to Stigand; at Stonham, Waldingfield, Suffolk, and Little St Osyth, Essex, to Æthelric, her brother's son; at Haughley, Suffolk, to her daughter Ælfflæd; 3 hides at Warley, Essex, to Godwine, her brother-in-law; land at Stonham, Suffolk, to Æthelmær, (her reeve); 30 acres at Waldingfield, Suffolk, to Godric, her reeve at Waldingfield; land at Lawford, Essex, to Æthelric, her chaplain, and Ælfric and other servants; 1 hide at Forendale to Æthelric the priest. English.
Archive: Bury St Edmunds
MSS: 1. Cambridge, U.L.., Ff. 2. 33, 45r (s. xiii2)
2. BL Add. 14847, 15rv (s. xiv)
Printed: K 931; Thorpe, pp. 569-71, with translation; Whitelock, Wills, no. 29 (pp. 76-7), with translation.
Comments: Whitelock, Wills, pp. 187-89; Hart, ECEE, no. 89 (pp. 65-6, 82), authentic; Hart, ECE, no. 46, authentic; Finberg 1972, p. 509, cited; Pelteret 1995, pp. 123-4, 130; Faith 1997, p. 159.
Note. Issued in triplicate, with copies kept in the king's haligdom, at Bury and by Leofgifu.
A.D. 998 (15 April). Will of Leofwine, son of Wulfstan, including bequests of land at Kelvedon, Essex, and at Mearcyncg seollan (probably Markshall, Essex) to St Peter's, Westminster; at Purleigh, Essex, partly to God's servants at Notley, Essex, and partly to Leofwaru, his aunt; and at Barling, Essex, to Wulfstan, bishop (of London). English.
Archive: Westminster
MSS: 1. Bodleian, Eng. hist. a. 2, no. XII (s. xi ?; BA Facs. no. 14; Keller 1906, no. 6)
2. Bodleian, Eng. hist. a. 2, no. XVI (s. xviii)
3. Bodleian, Eng. hist. a. 2, no. XVII (s. xviii; Latin translation of MS 2)
Printed: Madox 1702, p. 421 ex MS 1; K 1293 ex Madox; Thorpe, pp. 541-2 ex Madox, with translation; Napier and Stevenson, p. 22 (no. 9), with translation, pp. 123-4; Wyatt 1919, pp. 121-2.
Comments: Napier and Stevenson, pp. 122-35, authentic; Gordon 1937, pp. 48 n., 85-6; Hart, ECE, no. 32, MS 1 original; Brooke and Keir 1975, p. 369, probably authentic; Whitelock 1963, p. 10; Harvey 1977, p. 23; BA Facs., p. 6, MS 1 may be original, but script points to s. xi med., dating information probably read from Easter table.
Note. Lower portion of chirograph (CHIROGRAPHUM), with step on lower edge, perhaps from wrapping-tie.
A.D. 1017 x 1035. Will of Mantat the anchorite bequeathing land at Twywell, Northants., and Conington, Hunts., to Thorney. English.
Archive: Thorney
MSS: 1. Cambridge, U.L., Add. 3020, 18r (s. xiv)
2. BL Add. 5937, 133v (s. xvi; spelling normalised)
Printed: M 1837, p. 58 ex MS 2,with translation; K 1329 ex MS 2; Thorpe, pp. 555-6 ex MS 2, with translation; Whitelock, Wills, no. 23 (p. 66) ex MS 2, with translation, p. 67; Hart, ECEE, p. 204 ex MS 1.
Translated: Warner 1879, p. 51.
Comments: Whitelock, Wills, pp. 176-8, possibly a poor copy of a genuine original; Hart, ECEE, no. 31 and pp. 204-5, authentic; Whitelock 1969, p. 114, corrects a reading; Hart, ECNE, no. 17, authentic.
s. x. Ordnoth and his wife to Old Minster, Winchester; bequest of 10 hides at Candover, Hants. English.
Archive: Winchester, Old Minster
MS: BL Add. 15350, 61v (s. xii)
Printed: K 943; Thorpe, pp. 588-9, with translation; Whitelock, Wills, no. 5 (pp. 16-19), with translation.
Comments: Whitelock, Wills, p. 116; Finberg, ECW, no. 176, authentic; Hart 1970/1, p. 30 (no. 105), authentic; Lowe 1991.
s. x2-s. xi. Will of Sifflæd, concerning the bequest of Marlingford, Norfolk, to (Bury) St Edmund's. English.
Archive: Bury St Edmunds
MSS: 1. Cambridge, U.L., Ff. 2. 33, 49v (s. xiii2)
2. BL Add. 14847, 19v (s. xiv; abbreviated)
Printed: K 946; Thorpe, p. 592, with translation; B 1015 ex MS 1; B 1016 ex MS 2; Whitelock, Wills, no. 37 (pp. 92-3) ex MS 1, with translation.
Comments: See below, S 1525a.
s. x2-s. xi. Will fo Siflæd, including bequest of Marlingford, Norfolk, to Bury St Edmunds; and other bequests to Marlingford tunkirke and Christchurch in Norwich. English.
Archive: Bury St Edmunds
MS: Cambridge, U.L., Ff. 2. 33, 49v-50r (s. xiii2)
Printed: K 947; Thorpe, pp. 592-3, with translation; B 1014; Whitelock, Wills, no. 38 (pp. 94-5), with translation.
Comments: Whitelock, Wills, pp. 206-7; Hart, ECEE, no. 121, authentic; Finberg 1972, p. 509: Pelteret 1995, pp. 123, 125, 130; Faith 1997, p. 167; cf. S 1525.
A.D. 942 x c. 951. Will of Theodred, bishop of London, including bequests of land at Duxford in Cambs., Illyntone (probably Illington, Norfolk) and Arrington, Cambs., to the king; land at St Osyth in Essex, Southery in Norfolk, and Tillingham and Dunmow in Essex, to St Paul's, London; land at Mendham, Suffolk, to his sister's son, Osgot (except for the minster and 1 hide, to belong to the church); land at Shotford and Mettingham, Suffolk, to Mendham church; land at Syleham, Instead, Chickering, Ashfield Green, all in Suffolk, and Wrtinham (? Wortham, Suffolk) to Osgot; land at Horham, Athelington, Suffolk, to St Æthelberht's church at Hoxne; land at Lothingland, Suffolk, to Offa, his sister's son; land at Barton, Rougham, Pakenham, Suffolk, to his kinsman Osgot, Eadulf's son; land at Nowton, Horningsheath, Ickworth and Whepstead, Suffolk, to St Edmund's church (Bury); land at Waldringfield and a messuage in Ipswich, Suffolk, to Osgot, his sister's son; land at Wortham, Suffolk, to Wulfstan; with arrangements for the episcopal demesne in London and at Hoxne, Suffolk; at Wimbledon and Sheen, Surrey; at Fulham, Middx; and at Dengie, Essex. English.
Archive: Bury St Edmunds
MSS: 1. Cambridge, U.L., Ff. 2. 33, 48r (s. xiii2)
2. BL Add. 14847, 17v-18r (s. xiv)
Printed: K 957; Thorpe, pp. 512-15, with translation; B 1008; Whitelock, Wills, no. 1 (pp. 2-5), with translation; Councils and Synods, no. 21 (pp. 76-81), with translation.
Translated: Whitelock, EHD, no. 106 (pp. 552-4).
Comments: Stevenson 1904, p. 232, authentic; Galbraith 1925, p. 223; Whitelock, Wills, pp. 99-103; Hart, ECEE, no. 49 (pp. 40, 53, 79), authentic; Hart, ECE, no. 11, authentic; Stenton 1971, p. 444, on Theodred; Brooke and Keir 1975, p. 368, cited; Whitelock 1975, pp. 18-20; Brooks 1978, pp. 87-91, on heriot; Gelling, ECTV, no. 329 (pp. 108-9, 158), authentic; Whitelock, EHD, pp. 552-3; Councils and Synods, pp. 74-6; Taylor 1992, pp. 288-93; Dumville 1993, p. 35, cited with reference to Bury; Lowe 1993b, on vocabulary; Pelteret 1995, pp. 120-1, 129; Campbell 1996, pp. 14-15.
s. xi, probably before A.D. 1038. Will of Thurketel, including bequests of land at Palgrave, Suffolk, to Bury St Edmunds; half of Palgrave, Suffolk, to Bury St Edmunds, and half to the bishop; land at Roydon, Norfolk, Scortland, and the priest's toft, to the church; land at Shrimpling and half the land at Roydon, Norfolk, to his wife, Leofwyn; land at Wingfield, Suffolk, to his brother's sons Ulfketel and Thurketel; 15 acres at Palgrave, Suffolk, and a toft to Leofcwen; land at Thrandeston, Suffolk, to Osbeorn; 20 acres at Roydon, Norfolk, to his nephew Leofric, his kinsman Godwine, and Wulfwine and his brother. English.
Archive: Bury St Edmunds
MSS: 1. Cambridge, U.L., Ff. 2. 33, 48v (s. xiii2)
2. BL Add. 14847, 18v-19r (s. xiv)
3. BL Add. 45951, 1r (s. xv)
Printed: K 959; Thorpe, pp. 579-81, with translation; B 1020; Whitelock, Wills, no. 24 (pp. 68-9), with translation.
Comments: Whitelock, Wills, pp. 179-80; Hart, ECEE, no. 90 (pp. 66, 92), authentic; Finberg 1972, p. 490, cited; Wormald 1988, no. 82; Lowe 1993b, on vocabulary; Pelteret 1995, pp. 123-6, 130; Faith 1997, p. 63, cited; cf. S 1213.
Note. Issued in triplicate, with portions held by Bury St Edmunds, the bishop of Elmham and Thurketel.
s. xi, probably after 1020. Will of Thurketel Heyng, including bequests of land at Caister, Norfolk, and Thorpe (? Thorpe Abbots or Morningthorpe, Norfolk) to St Benedict's at Holme and Bury St Edmunds; land at Ormesby, Norfolk, to his daughter Ælfwyn, with reversion to Holme; land at Scratby, Norfolk to his nephews' children, the sons of Swegen and Ealhmund. English.
Archive: Bury St Edmunds
MSS: 1. Cambridge, U.L., Ff. 2. 33, 45r (s. xiii2)
2. BL Add. 14847, 15r (s. xiv)
Printed: K 960; Thorpe, pp. 578-9, with translation; B 1017; Whitelock, Wills, no. 25 (pp. 70-1), with translation.
Comments: Whitelock, Wills, pp. 180-1; Hart, ECEE, no. 124, authentic; Lowe 1993b. on vocabulary; Pelteret 1995, pp. 126, 130.
Note. Issued in triplicate, with copies held by Holme, Bury and Thurketel.
s. xi med. Thurkil and Æthelgyth to (Bury) St Edmunds; bequest of land at Wereham, Norfolk. English.
Archive: Bury St Edmunds
MS: Cambridge, U.L., Ff. 2. 33, 50r (s. xiii2)
Printed: K 980; Thorpe, pp. 591-2, with translation; Whitelock, Wills, no. 36 (pp. 92-3), with translation.
Comments: Whitelock, Wills, pp. 205-6; Hart, ECEE, no. 141, authentic; Finberg 1972, p. 474, cited; Pelteret 1995, pp. 128-9, 290-1; Faith 1997, p. 64.
A.D. 1042 x 1043. Bequest by Thurstan of land at Wimbish, Essex, to Christ Church. English and Latin versions.
Archive: Canterbury, Christ Church
MSS: English
1. Canterbury, D. & C., Chart. Ant. C. 70 (Red Book, no. 22; s. xi med.; OS Facs., i. 25)
2. BL Cotton Aug. ii. 34 (s. xi med.; BM Facs., iv. 33; Keller 1906, no. 9)
3. BL Add. 4548, 22r-24r (s. xviii; ex 1)
Latin
4. Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, 189, 201v (s. xii)
5. Canterbury, D. & C., Reg. P, 26v-27r (s. xii)
6. London, Lambeth Palace 1212, pp. 331-2 (s. xiii)
7. Bodleian, Tanner 223, 21r (s. xvi)
Printed: English
Madox 1702, p. 238 ex MS 2; Hickes, Diss. Epist., pp. 29-30; K 788; Mon. Angl. (rev. edn), i. 107 (no. 25); Thorpe, pp. 577-8, with translation; Sweet, Reader, pp. 58-9; Whitelock, Wills, no. 30 (pp. 78-9), with translation.
Latin
Twysden, X Scriptores, col. 2224 ex MS 4; Hart, ECEE, p. 251 ex MS 6; Hart, ECE, p. 25 ex MS 6.
Translated: Douglas and Greenaway, EHD II, no. 183 (p. 900).
Comments: Bond 1878, p. 7, contemporary; Whitelock, Wills, pp. 189-92; Sisam 1953, p. 111 n. 1; Oleson 1955, p. 155, authentic; Sweet, Reader, p. 248; Hart, ECE, no. 49; Brooks 1978, pp. 87-91, on heriot; Fleming 1993, p. 121; Pelteret 1995, pp. 123-4.
Note. MS 2 appears to be a revised version of MS 1. Both are upper portions of separate tripartite chirographs (both CYROGRAPHVM). Portions were kept by Christ Church, St Augustine's (beneficiary of a money bequest) and the testator.
A.D. 1043 x 1045. Will of Thurstan, son of Wine, including bequests of land at Wimbish, Essex, to Christ Church, Canterbury; at Harlow, Essex (except the half hide at Ealing Bridge in Harlow which Ælfwine had), and Shouldham, Norfolk, to Bury St Edmunds; land at Wetheringsett, Suffolk, and at Knapwell, Cambs., to Ely abbey; land at Weston Colville, Cambs., to Æthelswith, for life, with reversion to Ely; land at Shouldham, Norfolk, to Ramsey and St Benedict's at Holme; land at Borough Green, Cambs., to Ulfketel, if he outlives Thurstan, except a half hide at Westley Waterless and 1 hide at Dullingham (granted to Thurstan's servant, Viking); land in Norfolk and at Pentlow, Ashdon and Henham, Essex, to his wife Æthelgyth (except land at Bromleg [possibly Bromley Barn in Widdington] and half a hide at Henham, to go to the local minsters); land at Kedington, Suffolk, to the priest Ælfwig and Thurstan's chaplains Thurstan and Ordheah; land at Little Dunmow, Essex, to Merewine and his family; and instructions that land at Bidicheseye (? Bottisham, Cambs.) was to be sold and payments made to a number of beneficiaries. With an additional section detailing further bequests, including the reversion of land at Henham, Essex, to Æthelswith and then to Ely abbey; a half hide at Ongar, Essex, to Thurgot, his servant; a half hide and a haga near Marden Ash in High Ongar, Essex, to Merewine; and a half hide to Swegn. English.
Archive: Bury St Edmunds
MSS: 1. Cambridge, U.L., Ff. 2. 33, 49rv (s. xiii2)
2. BL Add. 14847, 19r (s. xiv; part only)
Printed: Thorpe, pp. 571-6, with translation; Whitelock, Wills, no. 31 (pp. 81-5), with translation.
Translated: Douglas and Greenaway, EHD II, no. 184 (pp. 901-2).
Comments: Whitelock, Wills, pp. 192-7; Fisher 1936; Hart, ECEE, no. 72 (pp. 50-1, 70, 85), authentic; Whitelock 1969, p. 112, no good reason to identify Bidicheseye with Bottisham; Hart, ECE, no. 59, authentic; Finberg 1972, p. 498, cited; HRH, p. 236, genuine; Fleming 1993, p. 121; Kennedy 1995, p. 167 n. 143; Pelteret 1995, pp. 123, 130.
Note. Issued in triplicate, with copies kept by Bury St Edmunds, Ely and the household of the testator.
c. A.D. 1050. Will of Ulf (Wulf), including bequest of land at Aston, Herts., and Oxwick (lost, in Codicote, Herts.) to St Albans; other beneficiaries including Ramsey, St Peter's in Rome and Earl Sihtric. English and Latin versions.
Archive: St Albans
MSS: English
1. Brussels, Bibliothèque Royale, 7965-73 (3723), 164v (s. xvii; Keynes 1993/3, p. 16)
Latin
2. Brussels, Bibliothèque Royale, 7965-73 (3723), 164rv (s. xvii)
3. BL Cotton Nero D. i, 151v (s. xiii)
Printed: English
Keynes 1993/3, p. 18, with translation, p. 19
Latin
Watts, Additamenta, p. 243 ex MS 3; K 954 ex MS 3; Mon. Angl. (rev. edn), ii. 226 (no. 11) ex MS 3; Thorpe, pp. 584-5 ex MS 3; Luard, Additamenta, pp. 32-3 ex MS 3; Pierquin, Recueil, pt 6, no. 86; Keynes 1993/3, p. 18 ex MS 1.
Comments: Gelling, ECTV, no. 187, authentic; Keynes 1993, p. 267, on MS 1; Keynes 1993/3; Pelteret 1995, pp. 124, 130.
Note. The Latin version omits some of the provisions not relating to St Albans and inserts a reference to King Edward.
A.D. 931 x 939 (probably 933 x 939). Will of Wulfgar, including bequests of land at Collingbourne Kingston, Wilts., to his wife Æffe, for life, with reversion to New Minster, Winchester; at Inkpen, Berks., to Æffe, for life, with reversion to the church at Kintbury, Berks.; at Cræft to Wynsige and Ælfsige; at Denford, Berks., to Æthelstan and Cynestan; 2 hides at Buttermere, Wilts., to Brihtsige and one of Ceolstan's sons; at Æscmere (cf. Ashmanworth, Hants.) 'to such of my young kinsmen as obey me best'; and at Ham, Wilts., to Æffe, for life, with reversion to Old Minster, Winchester. English.
Archive: Winchester, Old Minster
MSS: 1. BL Cotton Ch. viii. 16B (s. x1; BM Facs., iii. 3; Lowe 1993a, p. 5)
2. BL Add. 15350, 83r (s. xii; Lowe 1993a, p. 4)
Printed: K 353; Thorpe, pp. 495-7, with translation; B 678; Earle, pp. 168-9; Robertson, Charters, no. 26 (pp. 52-3), with translation.
Comments: Bond 1878, p. 7, MS 1 contemporary; Robertson, Charters, pp. 307-9; Darlington 1955, pp. 85, 87, 94; Finberg, ECW, no. 246, authentic; Chaplais 1965, pp. 59-60, script of MS 1 likened to that of a passage in Parker Chronicle (= 1973, pp. 41-2); Bonney 1969, p. 61, land at Collingbourne Kingston was probably at Aughton, cf. S 379; Hart 1970/1, p. 33 (no. 143), original; Sawyer 1974, p. 113; PN Berks., ii. 309, 313, 314; Gelling, ECTV, no. 38, original; Keynes 1980, p. 21 n. 21; Parkes 1983, p. 137 n. 51, on scribe; Dumville 1987, p. 174, on script; Keynes 1990, p. 252 n. 102; Dumville 1992, pp. 78-82, 110, on script, provisions on dorse may have been added at a later stage; Lowe 1993a, pp. 3-10, on MS 2; Gretsch 1994, pp. 76-7, on orthography; Keynes 1996, p. 21.
Note. S 1533 originally separate strip of parchment ,now attached to S 416. Scribe also wrote a document in Bern, Burgerbibliothek 671, 76v.
Probably c. 1000. Will of Wulfgeat of Donington, Salop, including bequests of land at Tardebigge, Worcs., as burial-fee (possibly to Donington church); also land at Kilsall, in Salop, Evenlode in Gloucs. and at Roden, Salop, to his wife; land at Donington and Thornbury, Herefords., to his daughter, Wulfgifu; land at Ingardine, Salop, to his grandson; land at Tardebigge, Worcs., to his daughter, Wilflæd. His potential claim to Wrottesley, Staffs., is mentioned. English.
Archive: Worcester
MS: BL Harley Ch. 83 A. 2 (s. xi1; BM Facs., iv. 42)
Printed: Sweet, Second Reader, pp. 230-1 (no. 42); B 1317; Whitelock, Wills, no. 19 (pp. 54-7), with translation.
Translations: Cockayne, Shrine, p. 160; Duignan 1891, pp. 39-40; Stevenson 1911/1, pp. 10-12; Bridgeman 1916, pp. 119-20.
Comments: Bond 1878, p. 7, contemporary; Duignan 1891, pp. 36-8; Bridgeman 1916, pp. 20-1; Whitelock, Wills, pp. 163-7; Finberg, ECWM, no. 122 (pp. 60, 118, 143, 149), authentic; Finberg 1972, p. 510 n. 3, cited; Brooks 1978, pp. 87-91, on heriot; PN Staffs., i. 87; Hooke 1990, p. 327, cited; Keynes 1990, pp. 253-4; Sims-Williams 1990, p. 94, on reference to minster at Leominster; PN Shrops., i. 110-11, 163, 293; Pelteret 1995, pp. 129, 288.
Note. Lower portion of chirograph (CYROGRAFVM).
A.D. 1042 x 1053, possibly 1046. Will of Wulfgyth, including bequests of land at Stisted, Essex, to her sons Ælfketel and Ketel, for life, with reversion to Christ Church (Canterbury); at Walsingham in East Carleton, East Carleton and Harling, Norfolk, to her sons Ulfketel and Ketel; at Saxlingham, Norfolk, and Somerton (or Somerleyton), Suffolk, to her daughters, Gode and Bote; at Chadacre, Suffolk, and Ashford (? Kent) to her daughter Ealdgyth; and at Fritton (Norfolk or Suffolk) to Earl Godwine and Earl Harold. English.
Archive: Canterbury, Christ Church
MSS: 1. Canterbury, D. & C., Reg. A, 143v (s. xiii)
2. Canterbury, D. & C., Reg. E, 44rv (s. xiii)
3. BL Stowe 853, 31v-32v (s. xvii)
Printed: Somner 1726, pp. 211-13 ex MS 1, with interlined translation; K 782 ex MS 2; Thorpe, pp. 563-4 ex MS 2, with translation; Whitelock, Wills, no. 32 (pp. 84-7) ex MS 2, with translation; Lowe 1989, pp. 297-8, ex MS 1, with translation.
Translated: Douglas and Greenaway, EHD II, no. 187 (pp. 903-4).
Comments: Whitelock, Wills, pp. 197-9; Hart, ECEE, no. 113 (pp. 72, 91), authentic; Hart, ECE, no. 64, authentic; Lowe 1989; Pelteret 1995, pp. 123-4; cf. S 1519, the will of Wulfgyth's son, Ketel.
A.D. 1002 x 1004. Will of Wulfric, including bequests of land at Dumbleton, Gloucs.; in south Lancs.; in Wirral; at Rolleston, Harlaston, Staffs.; Beorelfestune (? Barlaston, Staffs. or Barlestone, Leics.); Marchington, Staffs.; Conisborough, Yorks. WR; Alvaston, Derbys.; Northtune (? Norton juxta Twycross, Leics.); Elford, Oakley, Tamworth, Balterley, Staffs.; Walesho (? Wales, Yorks. WR); Thorpe Savin, Yorks. WR; Whitwell, Clowne, Barlborough, Duckmanton, Mosborough, Eckington, Beighton, Derbys.; Doncaster, Yorks. WR; Morlingtune; Austrey, Warwicks.; Palterton, Derbys.; Wibtoft, Warwicks.; Twongan (? Tonge, Leics., or Tong, Salop); Burton upon Trent, Stretton, Bromley, Pillaton, Gailey, Whiston, Staffs.; Laganford (? Longford, Salop); Stirchley, Staffs.; Niwantun æt thære wic (probably Newton by Middlewich, Cheshire); Wædedun, Niwantun (? Newton Solney, Derbys.); Winshill, Staffs.; Suttun; Ticknall, Derbys.; Shenton, Wigston Parva, Lecis.; Halen (? Hawne in Halesowen, Worcs.); Hremesleage (? Romsley, Salop); Shiplea, Salop; Suthtune (? Sutton Maddock, Salop); Actune (? Acton Trussel in Baswich, Staffs.); Darlaston, Rudyard, Cotwalton, Church Leigh, Staffs.; Okeover, Ilam, Cauldon, Derbys.; Castern, Staffs.; Suthtune (? Sutton on the Hill, Derbys.); Morley, Breadsall, Morton, Pilsley, Ogston, North Wingfield, Snodeswic, Derbys.; Tathwell, Lincs.; Appleby Magna, Leics.; Weston in Arden, Burton Hastings, Warwicks.; Sharnford, Leics.; Harbury, Warwicks.; Aldsworth, Arlington, Gloucs.; Eccleshale (? Eccleshall, Staffs.); Waddune; Sheen, Staffs.; Langandune (? Longdon, Staffs.); Bupton, Stretton, Derbys.; the beneficiaries including Archbishop Ælfric, Morcar, Burton Abbey and the community at Tamworth. English.
Archive: Burton
MSS: 1. Burton-on-Trent, Museum, Burton Muniments 1 (s. xi2; OS Facs., iii, Anglesey 2)
2. Aberystwyth, N.L.W., Peniarth 390, 180v-181v = pp. 360-2 (s. xiii med.)
3. BL Loan MS 30 (Marquess of Anglesey), 9rv (s. xiii1)
4. Bodleian, Dugdale 11, 10r-11r (s. xvii; ex 3)
5. Bodleian, James 25, p. 164 (s. xvii; incomplete; ex 3)
6. Bodleian, Rawl. B. 350, 70r-71r (s. xvii; ex 3)
Printed: Mon. Angl., i. 266-7; K 1298; Mon. Angl. (rev. edn), iii. 37-8 (no. 3); Thorpe, pp. 543-9, with translation; Earle, pp. 218-22; Bridgeman 1916/1, with translation; Whitelock, Wills, no. 17 (pp. 46-51), with translation; Sawyer, Burton, no. 29 ex MSS 1, 2, 3.
Translated: Duignan and Carter 1886, pp. 107-13; Stevenson 1911/1, pp. 14-19; Whitelock, EHD, no. 125 (pp. 586-9); Sawyer, Burton, pp. xv-xix.
Comments: Bridgeman 1916/1; Whitelock, Wills, pp. 151-60; Hart, ECEE, no. 152, authentic; Forsberg 1970, pp. 31-2, on Walesho; Stenton 1971, pp. 496, 551, 553, cited; Finberg, ECWM, no. 144 (pp. 65, 149), authentic, cf. p. 237; Finberg 1972, pp. 498, 519, cited; Hart, ECNE, no. 39 (pp. 71, 84, 99, 109, 126), authentic; Brooks 1978, pp. 87-91, on heriot; Sawyer, Burton, pp. xv-xlvii, authentic; Whitelock, EHD, pp. 586-7; PN Staffs., i. 26, 91, 103; Hooke 1990, p. 327, cited; PN Shrops., i. 181-2, 280, 293, Tong, Salop, probably preferable; Reynolds 1992, p. 218 n. 33, on terminology (= 1994, p. 330 n. 35); Pelteret 1995, pp. 284, 307, cited.
Note. MS 1 a later copy, on same sheet and in the same hand as S 906 (MS 1).
A.D. 1022 x 1034. Will of Wulfsige, including bequest of land at Wiken to Bury St Edmunds, Bishop Ælfric and, for her life, to Wulfwyn. English.
Archive: Bury St Edmunds
MSS: 1. Cambridge, U.L., Ff. 2. 33, 50r (s. xiii2)
2. BL Add. 14847, 19v (s. xiii; Latin summary)
Printed: K 979 ex MS 1; Thorpe, pp. 556-7, with translation; B 1162 ex MS 2; Whitelock, Wills, no. 27 (p. 74), with translation, ex MS 1.
Comments: Whitelock, Wills, p. 185; Brooks 1978, pp. 87-91, on heriot; Pelteret 1995, pp. 123, 130.
A.D. 984 x 1016 (probably 984 x 1001). Will of Wulfwaru, including bequests of land at Freshford, Somerset, to Ælfhere, abbot of Bath; at Claverton, Compton and Butcombe, Somerset, to Wulfmær, her son; at Butcombe to Ælfwaru, her daughter; at Leigh, Holton, Somerset, and at Hocgestune, to Ælfwine, her son; at Winford, Somerset, to Gode, her daughter. English.
Archive: Bath
MS: Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, 111, pp. 88-90 (s. xii2)
Printed: Hickes, Diss. Epist., p. 54; K 694; Mon. Angl. (rev. edn), ii. 265 (no. 5); Thorpe, pp. 528-31, with translation; Hunt, Bath Carts., pp. 32-3; Whitelock, Wills, no. 21 (pp. 62-5), with translation.
Translated: Whitelock, EHD, no. 116 (pp. 567-8).
Comments: Whitelock, Wills, pp. 174-5; Finberg, ECW, no. 524, authentic; Chaplais 1966/1, p. 173, on epistolary aspects (= 1973, p. 58); Finberg 1972, p. 510 n. 3, p. 519, cited; Whitelock, EHD, p. 567; Pelteret 1995, pp. 128, 288; Abrams 1996, p. 96 n. 116, p. 139, on estates.
s. x or xi. Will of Wynflæd concerning land at Ebbesborne, Wilts.; Charlton (probably Horethorne, Somerset); Coleshill, Berks.; Inggeneshamme (perhaps Inglesham, Wilts.); Faccombe, Hants; Adderbury, Oxon.; and at Chinnock, Somerset; the beneficiaries including Shaftesbury and Wilton. English.
Archive: uncertain (? Shaftesbury)
MS: BL Cotton Ch. viii. 38 (? s. x or s. xi; BM Facs., iii. 38; Golden Age, p. 148)
Printed: Hickes, Thesaurus, praefatio, pp. xxii-xxiii; K 1290; Thorpe, pp. 533-9, with translation; Whitelock, Wills, no. 3 (pp. 10-15), with translation.
Comments: Bond 1878, p. 7, 11th century; Darlington 1955, pp. 68, 84; Whitelock, Wills, pp. 108-14, may be a copy; PN Oxon., ii. 391; Aston 1858, p. 71, on tenurial implications; Finberg, ECW, no. 71, authentic; Finberg 1972, pp. 474, 498, 509-10; PN Berks., ii. 356-7, 375, 470; Gelling, ECTV, no. 59 (pp. 41, 129), authentic; Owen 1979; Rumble 1984, pp. 50-1, on name-forms; Golden Age, pp. 148-9 (no. 151), 11th-century copy; PN Dorset, iii. 139; Hooke 1991-2, p. 83, on Faccombe; Dumville 1994, p. 146 n. 75, script not mid 10th-century, suggested date c. 950 is speculative and too early; Pelteret 1995, pp. 126-9, 288; Faith 1997, p. 81.
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